Neurological diseases are widespread and serious global illnesses. Neurons highly rely on aerobic metabolism in mitochondria. Riboflavin receptor 3 (RFVT3) is a vital section of the mitochondrial network, which plays a key role in riboflavin homeostasis and the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The abnormal expression of RFVT3 is closely associated with the occurrence and progression of multiple neurological diseases. Therefore, it is crucial to explore the dynamic expression of RFVT3 for the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases.